Do-it-yourself water filter: why is it needed, which filler to choose

In the modern world, the problem of water purification is of great importance. According to environmentalists, not only the world's oceans, but also groundwater and internal waters are filled with chemical compounds and bacteria that do not benefit humans.

Why do I need a water filter

The benefits of civilization, of course, greatly simplify our lives. Wastewater treatment plants operate in almost all settlements, in many houses and apartments there are various water filters: jugs, nozzles for a crane, stationary installations. However, it is not always possible to buy expensive equipment, or country or village houses are not at all brought under the cleaning system. In a tourist trip, it may also be necessary to purify water for food and drink.

The problem of water pollution has various sources:

Animal waste products, grains of sand, lime deposits make water unsuitable for drinking;
Damage and rust in urban and rural sewage treatment plants impair the quality of cleaning;
Nitrates, which are formed as a result of the use of pesticides in the agricultural industry, penetrate deep into the groundwater;
Hazardous substances appear in wells and boreholes, because the standards for installing waste, manure pits and toilets are not fully respected.

In this regard, it is necessary to buy a specialized filter or make it yourself.

IMPORTANT: Remember that any filter tends to get dirty, so always change the cartridge or filter media on time. It is important for your health!

Choose a filler for the filter

In order to make a home-made filter, you need to take care of the presence of good filter materials. It is important to create a structure consisting of three to four layers of filler. The quality of purification will directly depend on this.

The fabric as an absorbent layer for rough cleaning resembles the best. Preference should be given to synthetic fabrics, for example, due to its moisture-resistant properties for filtration, polypropylene material lutrasil is excellent.

Cotton fabrics, bandages or gauze can be used to make the filter, but they will undergo a quick process of pollution and decay, so it will be necessary to replace such layers much more often than unnatural ones.

Tea or coffee filters are sometimes used, but these are also short-lived options. Loose natural materials are also actively used when creating filters with your own hands:

Quartz sand frees water from fine particulate matter and other chemical compounds;
Gravel helps in cleaning up large foreign bodies;
Mineral stone zeolite eliminates the products of the agricultural industry: pesticides, harmful salts, phenol;
Natural activated carbon absorbs rot products, makes the water transparent and removes rotten odor.

Features of manufacturing a carbon filter

How to make a water filter? A device with a layer of natural activated carbon is one of the most successful options, because it removes a large amount of unwanted substances.

IMPORTANT: Choose the right coal. If it is very large, then cleaning will not happen properly, if it is too small, the particles will penetrate the liquid. It is advisable to choose coal in granules, but you can make it in a furnace or on an open fire. Do not use the wood of firs, pines and other conifers, it contains oils that can give the filtered water a spruce aroma.

To assemble the carbon filter you will need:

An elongated item, such as a plastic bottle, pipe made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). You can use several bottles, but then you have to firmly fasten them to avoid leakage;
Plastic caps or other plugs;
Tools: scissors or a stationery knife, if necessary, waterproof glue for fastening parts;
Activated carbon;
Other friable filler;
The cloth.

For a suspension filter, cut off the bottom of the bottle and rotate it. In the lid, you can drill or knock out holes for the passage of water, or simply remove the lid. If you need a stable filter, then the water outlet can be positioned as you wish.

Next, we proceed to laying the filler. The first layer must be laid fabric filter. Loose absorbent components are laid according to the principle of "pyramid": from finer coal to medium quartz sand and coarse gravel or pebbles.

Pass 2-3 liters of water through the filter materials to clean them from natural pollution. Then proceed to the purification of water on the principle of passive passage through all layers.

DIY sand filter

How to make a water filter with your own hands? Often, for economic and recreational purposes, it is necessary to clear large water spaces, for example, a pond or a small summer cottage from blooming water. There are various technical systems that pump water through filters, thereby cleaning it.

It is unprofitable to use expensive devices in a country house, so you can create a similar filter with sand filling yourself.

To do this, you need a large capacity, for example, a plastic barrel. Through the whole bottle you will need to make a tunnel (it can be made of PVC pipe), with which water will go into the pool. Its approximate length is 2 m, diameter is about 5-6 cm. When designing it, do not forget about the PVC corner for turning 90 degrees.

You will also need a sleeve with an M10 thread diameter. Use it as a pin for cleaning modules.

Make one hole in the filter plug and in the corner and connect the parts using a nut and a pin. The water compressor will need to be fixed at the opposite end of the tunnel.